Mobile technology first use was in 1970, which began with the use of microprocessors for communication technology. In 1971, the first mobile phone network opened in Finland called ARP, followed later by NMT in Scandinavia in 1981, and AMPS in 1983.
The first generation of mobile phones, or known by the 1G could only serve voice communication. Later on, it developed into 2G technology that could be used for SMS (short message service) and data transfer with a maximum speed of 9600 bps (bits per second).
The standard 2G technology widely used was GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication), such as those used by most of the phone. At that era, GSM operated in the 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz and supported 14.4 kbps speed data communications. In 1993, there were 36 GSM networks in 22 countries.
After 2G, 2.5 G was born, which was a better version of the second generation (2G). Generation 2.5 had the ability to transfer data faster. The famous thing of this generation were GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) and EDGE.
Trends in mobile communications subsequently transferred to the next generation, ie third generation or 3G. This generation was better known as UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) or WCDMA (Wideband - coded Division Multiple Access). Data transfer of this generation could reach speed 384 kbps outdoors and 2 Mbps for indoor applications.
In addition, this generation could provide multimedia services such as internet, video streaming, video telephony, and others better. This third-generation CDMA technology originally came from the United States
CDMA technology made the capacity of a cell to be larger than the GSM system. In CDMA, each communication call had a specific code that allowed many customers use the same radio resources without interference and cross talk interference.
CDMA-based wireless communication system was first used in 1995 until now. CDMA became the main rival of the GSM system in many countries. In 1999, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) chose CDMA as standard technology for third generation (3G). CDMA had two variants, WCDMA and TD-SCDMA.
Demands to increase the speed of data transfer inspires the emergence of the Fourth Generation (4G), which increasingly allows humans to communicate, either through voice or video. This is a long journey in the world of mobile communications that will not stop in an "absurd satisfaction."
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